I have been involved with music for most of my life and I’ve released that most rules in music have a lot to do with maths. Notes and beats have numerical value, maths explains how strings vibrate at certain frequencies and there is also a fraction at the beginning of every piece telling you the time signature. Harmonies can also be defined with maths using fractions like 5ths, 3rds and octaves for distances between notes. The sheet music I’ve taken a photo of is Sonata no3 by Vivaldi in A minor for cello.
